Isle of Man & Anatolia & Syracuse

SICILY. Syracuse, Agathokles. (Ca. 317-289 BC). Gold decadrachm (4.30 gm). Sicily, Syracuse, Struck ca. 317-310 BC. Laureate head of Apollo left, tiny cantharus behind / ΣΥΡ—AK—O—ΣIΩ[N], fast biga right, triskeles below. BMC 339. The cantharus symbol not represented in SNG ANS, SNG Copenhagen, SNG Lloyd, Boston, Gulbenkian, Pozzi or Weber. Magnificent mint state. The denomination may be called either a drachm, reflecting its weight, or a decadrachm, reflecting its value in terms of the silver equivalent. For the Greeks, silver was the measure of value.


GRIECHISCHE MÜNZEN (GREEK COINS)
->Sizilien
->Syrakus
4212.
Agathokles, 317-289 v. Chr.. Tetradrachme 305/295 v. Chr., auf den Feldzug gegen die Karthager. Kopf der Kore Persephone / Nike vor Tropaion, im Feld Triskeles. SNG ANS 666. 17.14 g. Fein getönt Vorzüglich
==========



GRIECHEN
SIZILIEN
SYRAKUS
Objekt-Nr.: 35
Agathokles, 317 - 289 v. Chr. Tetradrachme (16,93 g.), 2. Periode, 310 - 305 v. Chr. Vs.: Kopf der Arethusa n. l., darum drei Delphine. Unten FI. Rs.: Quadriga n. l., darüber Triskeles, im Abschnitt SURAKOSIWN u. Monogramm AI. M. Ierardi, Tetradrachms of Agathokles of Syracuse, AJN N.S. 7-8, 1996 - 1996, 67 (stgl.). ss-vz



GRIECHISCHE MÜNZEN (GREEK COINS)
SICILIA
SYRAKUS. Agathokles, 317-289 v. Chr.
AR-Tetradrachme, 304/289 v. Chr.; 16.68 g. Persephonekopf r.//Nike r. errichtet Trophäe, unten l. Triskelis. Ierardi 153; SNG ANS 675; Sehr schön



GRIECHISCHE MÜNZEN (GREEK COINS)
SICILIA
SYRAKUS. Agathokles, 317-289 v. Chr.
AV-50 Litren, 317/310 v. Chr.; 4.21 g. Apollokopf l.//Biga r., unten Triskelis. SNG ANS vergl. 549 ff.; SNG München vergl. 1189 ff. R Sehr schön



Sicily
Syracuse
Estimate: CHF 650.00
Agathokles, 317-289. Stater (Silver, 8.02 g 10), 317-310. Head
of Athena to right, wearing Corinthian helmet ornamented with
Pegasus. Rev. Pegasus flying left; below, triskeles. SNG ANS
554 ff. Attractively toned. Extremely fine.
=========================



B3253. LYCIA, KUPRULI? ca. 5th-4th century BC.
Winged diety r./Triskeles within square incuse.
AVF. Test cut. Rare.
========

5181. L. Seius, proconsulship, after 250 BC.
AE18 of Panormos Sicily, Plant 874.
Triskeles with gorgoneion at center/Legend with D D at center.
VF. Scarce.
=========

Source: http://www.coinarchives.com/a/results.php?results=100&search=triskeles

Missionary to China anyone?

Here's one the Thought Police missed:

Chapter VI

[...]

§ 17. In all countries we are acquainted with, knowledge bears an exact proportion to instruction. Why does the learned and well educated, reason better than the mere citizen? why the citizen better than the poor ? why the English poor better than the Spanish ? why the Spanish better than the Moorish ? why the Moorish better than the Negro ? and why he better than the Hottentot? If, then, reason is found to go hand in hand, and step by step with education ; what would be the consequence, if there were no education? There is no fallacy more gross, than to imagine reason, utterly untaught and undisciplined, capable of the same attainments in knowledge, as reason well refined and instructed: or to suppose, that reason can as easily find in itself principles to argue from, as draw the consequences, when once they are found ; I mean, especially in respect to objects not perceivable by our senses. In ordinary articles of knowledge, our senses and experience, furnish reason with ideas and principles to work on : continual conferences and debates give it exercise in such matters ; and that improves its vigour and activity. But, in respect to God, it can have no right idea nor axiom to set out with, till he is pleased to reveal it.

§18. What instance can be mentioned, from any history, of any one nation under the sun, that emerged from atheism or idolatry, into the knowledge or adoration of the one true, God, without the assistance of revelation ? The Americans, the Africans, the Tartars, and the ingenious Chinese, have had time enough, one would think, to find out the true and right idea of God ; and yet, after above five thousand years' improvements, and the full exercise of reason, they have, at this day, got no further in their progress towards the true religion, than to the worship of stocks and stones and devils. How many thousand years must be allowed to these nations, to reason themselves into the true religion ? What the light of nature and reason could do to investigate the knowledge of God, is best seen by what they have already done. We cannot argue more convincingly on any foundation, than that of known and incontestable facts.

[...]

Edwards, Johnathan and Brainerd, David. The Works of President Edwards, vol. VII., Ch VI, pp. 251. G. & C. & H. Carvill, New York. 1890.

Bluebird to Alaric: "Proceed to Rome, and desolate that city."

Socrates [Scholasticus/of Constantinople]
(c. 380 A.D. - ?)

&

Sozomenus [Sozomen / Salamanes / Salaminius Hermias Sozomenus]
(400 - c. 450 B.C.)

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORIES
Book VII
Chapter X.—Rome taken and sacked by Alaric.

About this same time [931] it happened that Rome was taken by the barbarians; for a certain Alaric, a barbarian who had been an ally of the Romans, and had served as an ally with the emperor Theodosius in the war against the usurper Eugenius, having on that account been honored with Roman dignities, was unable to bear his good fortune. He did not choose to assume imperial authority, but retiring from Constantinople went into the Western parts, and arriving at Illyricum immediately laid waste the whole country. As he marched, however, the Thessalians opposed him at the mouths of the river Peneus, whence there is a pass over Mount Pindus to Nicopolis in Epirus; and coming to an engagement, the Thessalians killed about three
thousand of his men. After this the barbarians that were with him destroying everything in their way, at last took Rome itself, which they pillaged, burning the greatest number of the magnificent structures and other admirable works of art it contained. The money and valuable articles they plundered and divided among themselves. Many of the principal senators they
put to death on a variety of pretexts. Moreover, Alaric in mockery of the imperial dignity, proclaimed one Attalus [932] emperor, whom he ordered to be attended with all the insignia of sovereignty on one day, and to be exhibited in the habit of a slave on the next. After these achievements he made a precipitate retreat, a report having reached him that the emperor
Theodosius had sent an army to fight him. Nor was this report a fictitious one; for the imperial forces were actually on their way; but Alaric, not waiting for the materialization of the rumor, decamped and escaped. It is said that as he was advancing towards Rome, a pious monk exhorted him not to delight in the perpetuation of such atrocities, and no longer to rejoice in slaughter and blood. To whom Alaric replied, ’I am not going on in this course of my own will; but there is a something that irresistibly impels me daily, saying, ‘Proceed to Rome, and desolate that city.’ Such was the career of this person. _________________________________________________________________

[931] On Alaric’s career, see Zosimus, V. 5, 6; 28–51 and
V. 1–13. Cf. also parallel accounts in Sozomen, IX. 4, 6–9;
and Philostorgius, XII. 2, 3; and Gibbon’s Decline and Fall,
chap. 31.

[932] This incident is also given by Procopius of Cæsarea
in Hist. Vandal. I. p. 8

[Bold added.]

Schaff, Philip. New York: Christian Literature Publishing
Co., 1886 http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf202.html

Just to remind ourselves: the Venetians were Trojans (i.e. Greeks).

Livy, History of Rome (ed. Rev. Canon Roberts)

BOOK I

THE EARLIEST LEGENDS

I.

Aeneas in Italy.

To begin with, it is generally admitted that after the capture of Troy, whilst the rest of the Trojans were massacred, against two of them--Aeneas and Antenor--the Achivi refused to exercise the rights of war, partly owing to old ties of hospitality, and partly because these men had always been in favour of making peace and surrendering Helen. Their subsequent fortunes were different. Antenor sailed into the furthest part of the Adriatic, accompanied by a number of Enetians who had been driven from Paphlagonia by a revolution and after losing their king Pylaemenes before Troy were looking for a settlement and a leader. The combined force of Enetians and Trojans defeated the Euganei, who dwelt between the sea and the Alps and occupied their land. The place where they disembarked was called Troy, and the name was extended to the surrounding district; the whole nation were called Veneti. Similar misfortunes led to Aeneas becoming a wanderer but the Fates were preparing a higher destiny for him. He first visited Macedonia, then was carried down to Sicily in quest of a settlement; from Sicily he directed his course to the Laurentian territory. Here, too, the name of Troy is found, and here the Trojans disembarked, and as their almost infinite wanderings had left them nothing but their arms and their ships, they began to plunder the neighbourhood. The Aborigines, who occupied the country, with their king Latinus at their head came hastily together from the city and the country districts to repel the inroads of the strangers by force of arms.

From this point there is a twofold tradition. According to the one, Latinus was defeated in battle, and made peace with Aeneas, and subsequently a family alliance. According to the other, whilst the two armies were standing ready to engage and waiting for the signal, Latinus advanced in front of his lines and invited the leader of the strangers to a conference. He inquired of him what manner of men they were, whence they came, what had happened to make them leave their homes, what were they in quest of when they landed in Latinus' territory. When he heard that the men were Trojans, that their leader was Aeneas, the son of Anchises and Venus, that their city had been burnt, and that the homeless exiles were now looking for a place to settle in and build a city, he was so struck with the noble bearing of the men and their leader, and their readiness to accept alike either peace or war, that he gave his right hand as a solemn pledge of friendship for the future. A formal treaty was made between the leaders and mutual greetings exchanged between the armies. Latinus received Aeneas as a guest in his house, and there, in the presence of his tutelary deities, completed the political alliance by a domestic one, and gave his daughter in marriage to Aeneas. This incident confirmed the Trojans in the hope that they had reached the term of their wanderings and won a permanent home. They built a town, which Aeneas called Lavinium after his wife. In a short time a boy was born of the new marriage, to whom his parents gave the name of Ascanius.

http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0026

What about Alexander?

Compare the below with the behaviour carried on by the Greeks under Alexander the Great.

PLINY THE ELDER, The Natural History (eds. John Bostock, M.D., F.R.S., H.T. Riley, Esq., B.A.)

BOOK III. AN ACCOUNT OF COUNTRIES, NATIONS, SEAS, TOWNS, HAVENS, MOUNTAINS, RIVERS, DISTANCES, AND PEOPLES WHO NOW EXIST OR FORMERLY EXISTED.

CHAP. 6. (5.)--OF ITALY.

Next comes Italy, and we begin with the Ligures¹ , after [p. 1181] whom we have Etruria, Umbria, Latium, where the mouths of the Tiber are situate, and Rome, the Capital of the world, sixteen miles distant from the sea. We then come to the coasts of the Volsci and of Campania, and the districts of Picenum, of Lucania, and of Bruttium, where Italy extends the farthest in a southerly direction, and projects into the [two] seas with the chain of the Alps² , which there forms pretty nearly the shape of a crescent. Leaving Bruttium we come to the coast of [Magna] Græcia, then the Salentini, the Pediculi, the Apuli, the Peligni, the Frentani, the Marrucini, the Vestini, the Sabini, the Picentes, the Galli, the Umbri, the Tusci, the Veneti, the Carni, the Iapydes, the Histri, and the Liburni.

I am by no means unaware that I might be justly accused of ingratitude and indolence, were I to describe thus briefly and in so cursory a manner the land which is at once the foster-child³ and the parent of all lands; chosen by the providence of the Gods to render even heaven itself more glorious⁴ , to unite the scattered empires of the earth, to bestow a polish upon men's manners, to unite the discordant and uncouth dialects of so many different nations by the powerful ties of one common language, to confer the enjoyments of discourse and of civilization upon mankind, to become, in short, the mother-country of all nations of the Earth.

http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0137&query=head%3D%23141

Ch. VI, §18: What instance can be mentioned, from any history, of any one nation under the sun, that emerged from atheism or idolatry, into the knowledge or adoration of the one true God, without the assistance of revelation? The Americans, the Africans, the Tartars, and the ingeniuous Chinese, have had time enough, one would think, to find out the true and right idea of God and yet, after above five thousand years' improvements, and the full exercise of reason, they have, at this day, got no further in their progress towards the true religion, than to the worship of stocks and stones and devils. How many thousand years must be allowed to these nations, to reason themselves into the true religion? What light of nature and reason could do to investigate the knowledge of God, is best seen by what they have already done. We cannot argue more convincingly on any foundations, than that of known and incontestable facts. [Bold added.]

Edwards, Jonathan. The Works of President Edwards, Vol VII, pp 251. G. & C. & H. Carvill , New York, 1830